Recent advances in concrete science, structural and geotechnical materials, computational and experimental techniques, and the gradual diffusion of certain interdisciplinary areas with structural mechanics and engineering as well as geotechnical engineering have nearly revolutionized. The expansions of civil engineering infrastructures such as dams, railways, highways, bridges, mass transit systems, ports, and airports contribute significantly to the movement of raw materials, agricultural products, and, most importantly manpower from producing regions to urban areas.